Key items include a helmet, avalanche transceiver, ice axe, crampons, and a 4-season sleeping bag. Use waterproof, breathable layers and insulated gloves. Always carry a head torch, map, compass, and emergency shelter. Ensure crampons fit securely over winter boots for icy terrain.
Build endurance with cardio and strength training, focusing on legs and core. Winter hiking with a weighted pack simulates real conditions. Prioritise stamina for energy-sapping snow travel and acclimatisation for altitude.
Avalanches pose life-threatening risks in snow-laden slopes. Learn to assess terrain, interpret forecasts, and use transceivers. Practice rescue drills and avoid unstable slopes during high-risk conditions.
Master compass bearings and pacing. GPS devices aid navigation but rely on map/compass as backups. Plan routes using landmarks visible in poor visibility and avoid cornices.
Use moisture-wicking base layers, insulated mid-layers (e.g., fleece), and waterproof shells. Avoid cotton; opt for synthetic or wool materials. Protect extremities with thermal gloves, balaclavas, and goggles.
Practice walking flat-footed on snow to engage all crampon points. Learn self-arrest techniques with ice axes on safe slopes. Ensure axes are securely gripped for stability on steep terrain.
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